太过重视行为规则与拘泥形式，以致在事业上坐失良机，那损失是很大的。
—— 培根
你问这个干吗
0.0
待宰的羔羊 [美国]罗尔德达尔著 陶洁译 房间温暖而干净，窗帘闭合着，两张桌子上的灯亮着——她那一盏和对面空椅子边上的那一盏。
她身后的餐具柜上，两只高玻璃杯，苏打水，威士忌。
保温桶里，刚做好的冰块。
玛丽马洛尼在等候她丈夫下班回家。
她不时抬头看看钟，但并不着急，只是让自己高兴，想到每过去一分钟就更接近她丈夫回家的时间。
她身上和她做的每一件事情都有一种在慢慢微笑的氛围。
她俯视她在缝纫的东西时，那低头的动作特别安详。
她的皮肤——这是她怀孕第六个月了——有一种非常美丽的透明的味道，她的嘴巴很柔和，她的眼睛，由于那新有的安详的神情，似乎比以前更大了，也更黑了。
时针指到五点差十分时，她开始注意表面听，几分钟后，跟往常一样准时，她听见外面轮胎轧砾石的声音，汽车门碰撞的声音，窗户外面的脚步声，钥匙开锁的声音。
她放下手中的针线，站起来，在他进门时上前去亲吻他。
“你好，亲爱的，”她说。
“你好，亲爱的。
”他回答。
她拿过他的外套，挂到壁柜里。
然后，她走过来配酒，一杯厉害一点的给他，一杯淡一点的给自己；没过多久她又回到椅子上做针线，他坐在对面，另外那张椅子，两手捧着那高玻璃杯，摇晃着让冰块碰到杯边，发出轻轻的响声。
对她来说，这永远是一天内幸福的时刻。
她知道他在第一杯酒没喝完以前不想说话，而她，坐在她那边，也满足于安静地坐着，独自一人在家过了那么长的时间以后，她很满足他来做伴。
她喜欢尽情享受他的存在，几乎像做日光浴的人感受阳光那样，感受他那男性的热量从他身上发出来流到她那里。
她爱他，爱他那松松垮垮地坐在椅子里的样子，爱他进门时的神态或者大步慢慢地走到房间另一头的样子。
她爱他看她的时候眼睛里那种聚精会神而又遥远的目光，他嘴巴滑稽的形状，尤其是他对他的疲劳保持沉默的做法，静静地坐在那里，一直到威士忌消除了一些疲劳。
“累了吧，亲爱的
”“是啊，”他说，“我是累了。
”他说的时候做了件跟平时不一样的事情。
他举起酒杯一口喝完，尽管里面还有半杯酒，至少还有半杯酒。
她并没有真正看着他，但她知道他把酒喝光了，因为她听到他把杯子放下来的时候冰块撞击杯底的声音。
他停了一会儿，在椅子上俯身向前，然后他站起来，慢慢地走过去再倒一杯酒。
“我来，”她跳起来嚷道。
“坐下，”他说。
他走回来时，她发现新的这杯酒，由于威士忌很多成了暗琥珀色。
“亲爱的，我去把拖鞋拿来，好吗
”“不用。
”她望着他开始一点一点地饮那深黄色的酒，由于酒的成分很浓，她可以看到酒里面小小的油亮油亮的旋涡。
“我认为这很不对头，”她说，“你当警察已经做到这样的资格，他们还让你成天在街上巡逻。
”他没有回答，于是她又低下头，继续缝了起来；但他每次举起杯子喝酒的时候，她听见冰块撞击杯边的声音。
“亲爱的，”她说，“你要我给你拿点奶酪吗
我没有做晚饭，因为今天是星期四。
”“不用，”他说。
“要是你太累了，不想出去吃饭，”她又说，“现在还不晚。
冰箱里有很多肉啊鱼啊的东西，你可以就在这里吃，甚至连椅子都不用挪。
”她望着他，等他回答，一个微笑，小小地一点头，但他没有任何表情。
“无论如何她继续说，“让我给你拿点奶酪和饼干。
”“我不要，”他说。
她很不自在地在椅子里动了一下，大眼睛仍然望着他的脸。
“可你得吃饭啊
我反正可以做出来，你可以吃也可以不吃，随你便。
”她站了起来，把手里的女红放在桌子的灯边上。
“坐下，”他说，“就一会儿工夫。
坐下。
”直到这时候，她才开始觉得害怕。
“坐啊，”他说，“坐下。
”她慢慢地坐下身子，回到椅子上，一直用她那迷惑的大眼睛看着他。
他喝完了第二杯酒，正皱着眉头看着杯子。
“听着，”他说，“我有事情要告诉你。
”他现在变得纹丝不动，他低着头，让他身边的灯光只照到他脸的上半部，嘴和下巴留在阴影里。
她注意到他左眼角有一小块肌肉在抽动。
“这会让你吃一惊的，恐怕，”他说，“但我想了很久，我决定惟一该做的事情就是马上告诉你。
我希望你不会太责怪我。
”于是他告诉了她。
并没有花太多的时间，四五分钟，最多了，她在听的过程中一直坐着一动不动，怀着迷乱的恐惧望着他，看着他随着一句句话离她越来越远。
“就是这么回事，”他说，“我知道告诉你是件糟糕的事情，但实在没有别的办法。
当然我会给你钱，负责做到你一切都有保证。
但用不着争吵。
反正我不希望有争吵。
那对我的工作没有好处。
”她第一个本能的反应是不相信，完全拒绝接受。
她忽然想他也许根本没说过什么，这完全是她自己想象出来的。
也许，如果她照常做她的事情，做得好像她并没有在听他说话的话，也许过一会儿，在她又醒过来的时候，她可能发现这一切从来没有发生过。
“我去准备晚饭，”她终于轻声说了出来，这一次，他没有阻拦她。
她走出屋子的时候脚好像没有走在地板上。
她什么感觉都没有——除了有点恶心，有点想吐。
现在一切都是自动进行——下楼梯到地窖，开关灯，冷冻箱，伸进冰箱的手，拿起第一样摸到的东西。
她拎了起来，看了一眼。
纸包着，于是，她把纸打开，又看了一眼。
一条羊腿。
好吧，他们晚饭就吃羊腿。
她拿上楼，用两只手拿住腿骨细的那一头，她走进起居室，看见他背对着她站在窗口，她停下脚步。
“老天爷，”他说，他听见她上楼，但没有转过身子。
“别给我做晚饭。
我就要出去。
”就在这时刻，玛丽马洛尼径直走到他身后，她没有停顿，而是高高地举起那条冻结实的大羊腿，用尽力气砸向他的脑袋。
她简直就是用根钢棍打了他。
她朝后退了一步，等待着，有意思的是，他还是站在那里，有那么四五秒钟，慢慢地摇晃着。
然后，他颓然倒在地毯上。
巨大的撞击、响声、小桌子倒了下来，这一切使她从震惊中清醒过来。
她渐渐醒悟过来，感到浑身冰凉，十分吃惊，她站在那里，眨着眼睛看着那尸体，两手仍然紧紧地握着那荒唐的肉。
好吧，她对自己说。
原来我把他给杀了。
现在，这实在太特别了，她的脑子忽然变得非常清楚了。
她开始飞快地思考起来。
作为一名侦探的妻子，她很明白会有什么样的刑罚。
那挺好的。
那对她没什么不一样。
事实上，那可能是解脱。
但另一方面，孩子怎么办
关于怀着孩子的杀人犯有什么样的法律
把他们两人一母亲和孩子都杀了
还是等到第十个月
法律会做些什么
玛丽马洛尼不知道。
她当然不准备冒险。
她把肉拿到厨房，把它放到平锅里，把烤箱的温度调到最高，把锅推进烤箱。
然后，她洗了手，跑上楼，进了卧室。
她坐到镜子面前，把头发梳理整齐，抹了口红，又在脸上涂了点胭脂。
她试着笑了一下。
但看上去很古怪。
她又试了一下。
“你好，山姆，”她大声快乐地说。
嗓门也挺怪的。
“我要几个土豆，山姆。
对，我想还要一个碗豆罐头。
”这好了一点。
那微笑和说话的声音都听起来好了一些。
她又反复练习了好几遍。
然后她跑下楼，拿上外套，走出后门，穿过花园，到了街上。
还没有到六点钟，食品杂货店的灯还亮着。
“你好，山姆，”她高高兴兴地说，对着柜台后面的那个人微微一笑。
“哦，晚上好，马洛尼太太。
你好吗
”“我要买几个土豆，山姆。
对，我想还要一个豌豆罐头。
”那人转过身子，去伸手够货架上的豌豆罐头。
“帕特里克觉得他很累了，今天晚上不想出去吃饭了。
”她对他说，“你知道，我们通常星期四总是出去吃饭。
这下他把我逮着了，家里正好没有蔬菜。
”“那肉呢，马洛尼太太
”“哦，我有肉，谢谢你。
我的冷冻箱里有一条很好的羊腿。
”“喔。
”“我对冻肉怎么做不大知道，山姆。
不过，我这一次要碰碰运气。
你认为能烤好吗
”“我个人，”杂货商说，“认为冻或不冻没有什么不同。
你要这种爱达荷州的土豆
”“噢，对，挺好的。
要两个。
”“还要别的吗
”杂货商歪着脑袋，挺高兴地看着她。
“吃完饭以后呢
你饭后打算给他吃什么
”“呃，你有什么建议，山姆
”那人巡视一下店里的东西。
“一大块好吃的奶酪蛋糕，怎么样
我知道他喜欢的。
”“好极了，”她说，“他最喜欢的东西。
”她等东西包好，付了钱以后，装出最明亮的笑容，说，“谢谢你，山姆。
晚安。
”“晚安，马洛尼太太。
谢谢你。
”现在，她在匆忙回家的路上告诉自己，她现在做的事情就是回家到丈夫身边而他在等他的晚饭；她必须做得好吃，尽量做得口味要好，因为那可怜的人累了；如果，在她进屋的时候，她要是发现有些不寻常的事情，也许悲剧性，也许很恐怖，那当然是震惊，她会因为悲伤和恐惧而狂乱。
记住，她并不指望会发现什么事情。
她只是买了蔬菜回家。
帕特里克马洛尼太太在星期四晚上拿着蔬菜回家给她丈夫做饭。
就是这样，她对自己说。
样样都要做得自然正确。
一切事情都绝对自然，那就不需要做戏了。
因此，在她从后门进人厨房的时候，她对自己哼着小调，笑眯眯的。
“帕特里克
”她喊道，“你怎么样，亲爱的
”她把袋子放在桌子上，走进起居室；当她看到他躺在地上，两腿弓着，一条胳臂扭曲着压在身子底下，她真的吓了一大跳。
所有以前对他的爱和渴望都涌上心头，她奔跑过去，跪在他身旁，哭了起来，哭得肝肠欲断。
这很容易。
用不着演戏。
过了几分钟，她站起来，走到电话机那里。
她知道警察局的电话号码。
电话另一端有人说话时，她大声喊叫快
快来啊
帕特里克死了
”“谁在说话
”“马洛尼太太。
帕特里克马洛尼太太。
”“你是说帕特里克死了
”“我想是的，”她哭泣着说，“他躺在地上，我想他死了。
”“马上过来’”那人说。
汽车来得很快，她打开前门时，两个警察走了进来。
她认识他们俩一那管区里的警察她几乎都认识——她投人杰克诺能的怀抱，哭得不能自制。
他温和地把她放进一把椅子里，但她又走过去到另外那个叫奥马雷的警察身边，跪在尸体边上。
“他死了吗
”她大声说。
“恐怕是死了。
出了什么事
”她简略地说了她的故事，她去食品杂货铺，回来的时候发现他躺在地上。
她说的时候，又哭又说的时候，诺能发现死者头上有一块凝固了的血迹。
他指给奥马雷看，后者马上站起来，赶着去打电话。
很快，陆续又来了几个人。
先是一个医生，然后是两个侦探，其中一个她认识，知道名字。
再后来，来了一个警方摄影师，拍起照来，还有一个懂指纹的人。
他们在尸体旁悄声说了好多话，小声咕哝着，那侦探问了她许多问题。
但他们都对她态度和蔼。
她把故事又讲了一遍，这一次从最开始讲起，帕特里克回来的时候她在做针线，他累了，他非常累，不想出去吃晚饭。
她说了她怎么把肉放进烤箱——“现在还在里面，烤着呢”——她怎么出去到食品杂货铺买蔬菜，回来的时候发现他躺在地上。
“哪个食品杂货铺
”一个侦探问。
她告诉了他，他转身跟另外一个小声说了几句话，那人马上出门上街。
十五分钟以后，他回来了，手里拿着好几张笔记，他们又轻声说了一些话，她在哭泣中听到一些片言只语 “……表现得很正常……很高高兴兴的……要给他做顿好饭……豌豆……奶酪蛋糕……她不可能……”过了一会儿，医生和摄影师离开了，来了另外两个人把尸体用担架抬走了。
接着，管指纹的人走了。
两个侦探留了下来，还有那两个警察。
他们对她出乎异常地温和，杰克诺能问她愿不愿意到别处去，也许上她的妹妹家，或者去找他的妻子，她会照顾她的，可以留她过夜。
不，她说。
她这一刻觉得自己寸步难行。
要是她就呆在她现在坐的地方一直到她好一点的时候，他们会非常在乎吗
她眼前感觉不大舒服，实在动不了。
那你是不是最好到床上去睡一会儿
杰克诺能问。
不，她说。
她就想呆在那里，就坐在这张椅子里。
也许，过一小会儿，她好受一点了，她才换地方。
于是，他们让她留在那里，自己去干活，在房子里搜索。
偶尔，有一个侦探会问她一个问题。
有时候，杰克诺能走过她身边时会温和地对她说上几句。
他告诉她，她丈夫是有人拿一个很钝的东西，几乎可以肯定是一个很大的铁器，打他的后脑勺把他打死的。
他们正在找这武器。
杀人犯可能把凶器带走了，但也可能把它扔了或藏在房子某个地方。
“还是那句老话，”他说，“找到凶器就逮到人。
”后来，一个侦探上来，坐在她边上。
你是否知道，他问，家里有什么东西可以用来当武器的
你可不可以在家里找一找，看看有没有什么东西丢失了一比如说，一把很大的扳钳，或者一个很重的铁的瓮罐。
我们没有很重的铁的瓮罐，她说。
“那很大的扳钳呢
”她认为他们家并没有很大的扳钳。
但车库里也许有类似的工具。
搜查继续进行着。
她知道房子周围的花园里到处有警察。
她能听见他们踩外面烁石的脚步声，有时候她从窗帘缝里可以看到手电的亮光。
天色晚了，她注意到壁炉架上的钟快九点了。
那四个搜查房间的人，显得累了，有点气呼呼的。
“杰克，”诺能警官又走过她身边时，她说，“你能给我一点酒吗
”“我当然可以给你一点酒。
你是说这瓶威士忌
”“是，谢谢。
但只要一点点。
这也许会让我好受一点。
”他把玻璃杯递给她。
“你干吗不自己也喝一杯
”她说你一定累得很。
请务必喝一点。
你对我太好了。
”“唔，”他回答说，“这严格来说是不允许的。
不过。
我也许就喝一点点让我能干下去。
”其他的人一个一个地走了进来，接受劝说，喝一小点威士忌。
他们手里拿着酒挺别扭地站着，在她面前很不自在，都想说几句安慰她的话。
诺能瞥官溜达进了厨房，马上出来说，“嘿，马洛尼太太。
你知道吗，你家的烤箱还开着，肉还在里面。
”“哎呀，老天爷
”她嚷了起来。
“真的还开着
”“要不要我把它关了
”“劳驾关掉它，杰克。
真是谢谢你。
”警官再回来时她看着他，黝黑的大眼睛眼泪汪汪。
“杰克诺能。
”她说。
“什么事
”“你能帮我一个小忙吗
一你和那几个人。
”“我们可以试试看。
”“呃，”她说，“你们都在这里，还都是帕特里克的好朋友，都在帮我抓那个杀了他的人。
你们一定都饿坏了，因为早就过了吃晚饭的时候了，我知道要是帕特里克，上帝保佑他的灵魂，知道我让你们呆在我们家而不好好地招待你们，他永远不会原谅我的。
你们干吗不把烤箱里的羊肉给吃了。
烤到现在，一定火候正好了。
”“我们做梦都不会吃的，”诺能警官说。
“请她恳求他，“请吃吧。
我本人什么也吃不下去，尤其不能碰他在的时候家里的东西。
但你们没有关系。
要是你们吃了，那是帮我的大忙。
你们吃完以后可以再接着干。
”那四个警察犹豫了好半天，但他们确实很饿了，最后他们给说服了，走进厨房，吃了起来。
那女人呆在原地，听他们说话，他们嘴里塞满了肉，说话声音滞重而含混不清。
“再来一点，查里
”“不了。
最好别吃完。
”“她要我们吃完的。
她说的。
这是帮她的忙。
”“那好吧。
再给我一点。
”“用来打可怜的帕特里克的家伙一定他妈的是根大棒子，”其中一个人说，“大夫说他的脑壳给砸得粉碎，就像长柄大铁锤打的。
”“所以凶器应该很好找。
”“我也是这么说的。
”“不管是谁干的，他们不可能拿着这么样的东西到处走。
”有一个人打了个饱嗝。
“我个人认为凶器就在出事的地方。
” “也许就在我们的鼻子底下。
你说呢，杰克
”在另外一间房间里，马洛尼太太咯咯地笑了起来。
〔英国〕罗尔德·达尔 著 任溶溶 译明天出版社2000年8月第1版 2004年4月第2版在西方文学关于女巫的故事是数不胜数的。
从古老的民间童话《白雪公主》到现代风靡世界的《哈利·波特》，无不展现着人们对这个形象的精彩想像。
可以这样说，关于女巫的故事和形象已经成为西方文化的一种原型。
而在所有关于女巫的故事中，英国作家罗尔德·达尔的《女巫》是我们绝对不能忽略的。
它如一座奇异的山峰，吸引着所有的孩子和大人。
这是一部以最荒诞和最曲折的故事讲述了最深和最真的爱的作品。
我7岁的时候，父母在一次车祸中丧生。
姥姥成了我惟一的亲人。
为了我们两个都能忘却巨大的悲痛，姥姥开始给我讲故事。
她是个了不起的故事大王，我被她讲的每一个故事迷住了。
但直到她讲到了女巫，我这才真正激动起来。
对女巫她显然是位大专家。
她郑重地对我说，这些女巫故事不同于大多数故事，不是想像出来的。
它们都是真的。
姥姥说，女巫总是在想方设法消灭小孩。
她自己至少碰到过五件这样的事。
有的小孩消失了，有的小孩变成了壁画的一个部分，有的小孩变成了一只会下蛋的鸡，有的小孩变成了一尊石像……而她自己也在一次可怕的遭遇中失去了小手指。
姥姥告诉我，女巫都是装扮成女人的模样，但如果仔细观察，还是能发现很多的破绽。
女巫一年四季总是带着黑色的手套，因为它们没有手指甲，只有弯弯的爪子；女巫总是带着假发套，因为它们都是秃子；女巫的鼻孔特别大，因为它们总是在嗅小孩的气味；女巫的眼睛总是在变色，因为那里跳动着火和冰；女巫走路脚有点儿瘸，因为它们没有脚趾头……姥姥说，如果我碰到一个女人，上述所有的特征都一应俱全，那么最好的办法就是拼命逃走。
一个星期六的下午，我正在一棵树上玩。
一个女人突然在树下出现了，她说：“从树上下来吧，小朋友，我送给你一样你从未有过的最刺激的礼物。
”她的声音古怪刺耳，听着像金属声，好像她喉咙里塞满了图钉。
手套
她带着手套
我扔掉锤子，像只猴子一样蹿上那棵大树，到了再也上不去的高处才停下来，吓得浑身发抖。
我在树上待了许多个钟头，一动也不敢动。
天开始黑了，我听见我姥姥叫我的名字。
女巫已经走了。
这是我碰到的第一个女巫，但不是我碰到的最后一个。
暑假来到了，我和姥姥去一个著名的海滨城市度假。
为了训练我带去的两只小白鼠，我在旅馆里找到了一个没有人的会议室。
正当我的小白鼠杂技水平大有长进时，一大群漂亮的女人涌进来准备开会。
为了不被发现，我躲在了屏风后面。
很快，我发现了灾难的来临：会议室的大门被紧紧关上了，而且还加了重重的铁链；房间里的女人们开始脱掉手套、鞋子和发套。
天
我闯入的是女巫大会，这里聚集了英国的所有女巫。
我除了一动不动地趴在地上，已没有任何选择。
在这次大会上，女巫大王演示了她发明的86号变鼠药。
她计划把这种药和入巧克力，这样就可以把英国所有的小孩都变成老鼠。
这个阴谋太可怕了
但更可怕的是：我终于被发现了
无路可逃的我只能束手就擒。
女巫们为了不让秘密泄露出去，把整整一瓶的变鼠药都灌进了我的喉咙里。
刹那间，我的身体在遭受火烧般的痛楚后迅速地缩小。
然后，我注意到地板离我的鼻子只有一英寸，我的手变成了一双毛茸茸的爪子
“现在把老鼠夹拿出来
”我听到女巫大王在喊叫。
但已经变成老鼠的我像一道闪电那样逃走了。
当有一大群危险的女巫在紧追的时候，个子小跑得快到底还不太坏。
“关上门，姥姥
请快一点
”当我终于安全地跑进房间时，我真庆幸自己还拥有原来的声音。
而姥姥看着她前面的这只小棕鼠，一下子愣住了。
我看到眼泪开始从她的眼里流出来，流下脸颊。
等姥姥渐渐清醒过来后，我告诉了她所有的一切。
我们决定要阻止女巫的阴谋。
溜进女巫大王的房间偷到86号变鼠药可不是一件容易的事。
不过，经过一番周折，我们终于成功了。
接着，我又悄悄跑进厨房，以一只老鼠的灵敏，把药全部都倒进了女巫们的汤中。
餐厅里，女巫们正在吃饭。
姥姥坐在临近的餐桌旁注意着她们的一举一动，我则躲在姥姥的手提袋里等待着好戏开场。
一声刺耳的尖叫声压倒了餐厅里所有的喧闹声。
女巫大王蹦上了半空
紧接着，所有的女巫都开始尖叫，从座位上跳起来，好像屁股给钉子刺了。
又接着，她们忽然僵住不动了。
一个个女巫站在那里一动不动，一声不响，犹如一具具死尸。
整个餐厅里一片死寂。
在几秒种内，所有的女巫完全不见了，在两张长桌上聚集着许多小棕鼠。
整个餐厅的女人都在尖叫，男人们也脸色发白，厨师和侍从们挥舞着任何拿得到的东西打老鼠。
在一片混乱中，姥姥和我走出了旅馆。
重新回到家的感觉真是太好了。
但现在我变得那么小，什么东西都变了样。
姥姥为我想出了很多办法让我的生活方便些。
一天晚上，在炉火前面，姥姥吸着她的黑雪茄，我舒舒服服地躺在她的膝盖上。
在那个晚上，我知道了一只老鼠的寿命是3年，而我这个老鼠人最多可以活9年。
我对姥姥说，这是我听到的最好的消息，因为我不想活得比她长，别人照顾我，我可受不了。
在沉默中，姥姥用一根手指的指尖抚弄我的耳背。
我觉得很舒服。
姥姥说，她现在已经86岁了，运气好的话，她还会再活八九年。
我说：“你得活。
因为到那时我将是只很老的老鼠，你是一位很老的姥姥。
再过不久，我们就一起死掉。
”“那就功德圆满了。
”她说。
然后我们又在炉火前面沉默了很久。
“我的宝贝，”她最后说，“你真不在乎以后一直做老鼠吗
”“我根本不在乎，”我说，“只要有人爱你，你就不会在乎自己是什么，或者自己是什么样子。
”在我和姥姥不多的日子里，我们还将干一件最重要的工作：消灭女巫大王城堡里所有的女巫。
这真是太棒了
关于这本书我们首先要说的是，也许因为文化传统的关系，《女巫》中对女巫的描述可能会使比较习惯真实事物的大人感到荒唐，并担心这种巫婆的想像会给孩子的心智带来不良影响。
其实，这种担心是完全没有必要的。
在儿童的思维发展中，这类故事将带给他们想像力和创造欲的满足。
但我们推荐这本书的一个最重要的理由也许不是因为它描写了女巫，而是因为在这个故事中，始终透露出一种极具包容力和令人唏嘘不已的爱。
当故事渐渐走向尾声时，那段男孩和姥姥的对话将我们一直被打动的情感推到了高潮：“只要有人爱你，你就不会在乎自己是什么，或者自己是什么样子。
”这句话会让我们去反复领悟生命中最珍贵的东西。
小神童女孩玛蒂尔达、校长特朗奇布尔、善良的亨尼小姐书 名：玛蒂尔达作 者：（英）罗尔德·达尔出版社：明天出版社简介世界奇幻文学大师的经典作品，一本孩子们不能不看的趣味童话故事。
这本《玛蒂尔达》通过小神童女孩玛蒂尔达的故事，把孩子们带入一个个奇幻而又快乐的美妙世界，相信这是一部让你拿起来就放不下的书，请随着玛蒂尔达一起感受吧
你肯定想象不出，像玛蒂尔达的父母那样庸俗、势利、卑鄙的家伙，怎么会生出玛蒂尔达这样可爱的小神童。
她5岁时就把大多数经典作家的作品读完了
你也肯定想象不出，玛蒂尔达上学的学校里有一个怎样可怕的校长。
她常常恶狠狠地说：“我一直弄不明白，小孩子为什么这样讨厌。
他们是我生活中的祸害。
他们像虫子，越早消灭越好。
”不过你不必担心，神奇女孩玛蒂尔达自有对付的办法。
本书是世界奇幻文学大师精品系列丛书之一，该系列丛书挑选了英国著名奇幻文学大师罗尔德·达尔的一系列童话故事。
小小的玛蒂尔达五岁时就把大多数经典作家的作品读完了
不幸的是这个聪明绝顶的小姑娘却遇到了世界上最庸俗势利的爸爸妈妈和最恶毒的校长。
不过，神奇女孩玛蒂尔达自有对付这一切的办法。
在和恶毒的特朗奇布尔校长斗争的过程中，玛蒂尔达和善良的亨尼小姐结下了深厚的友谊。
故事引人入胜，高潮迭起，直到悬念被一个一个出乎意料的结果解扣时，仍让人久久回味……
对应的中文就是Roald Dahl (13 September 1916 – 23 vember 1990) was a British velist, short story writer and screenwriter, born in Wales of rwegian parents, who rose to prominence in the 1940s with works for both children and adults, and became one of the world's bestselling authors. most popular books include The Twits, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, James and the Giant Peach, Matilda, The Witches and The BFG.Contents [hide]1 Biography1.1 World War II1.2 Postwar life1.2.1 Family1.2.2 Way Out1.2.3 Anti-Semitic remarks1.2.4 Death and legacy1.3 Roald Dahl Day2 Writing2.1 Children's fiction3 List of works3.1 Children's writing3.1.1 Children's stories3.1.2 Children's poetry3.2 Adult fiction3.2.1 Novels3.2.2 Short story collections3.3 Non-fiction3.4 Plays3.5 Film scripts3.6 Television4 Sources5 References6 External links[edit] BiographyRoald Dahl was born in Llandaff, Cardiff, Wales in 1916, to Norwegian parents, Harald Dahl and Sofie Magdalene Dahl (née Hesselberg). Dahl's family had moved from Norway and settled in Cardiff in the 1880s. Roald was named after the polar explorer Roald Amundsen, a national hero in Norway at the time. He spoke Norwegian at home with parents and sisters. Dahl and sisters were christened at the Norwegian Church, Cardiff, where their parents worshipped.In 1920, when Roald was four, his seven-year-old sister, Astri, died from appendicitis. About a month later, his father died of pneumonia at the age of 57, following grief from his daughter's death. Dahl's mother, however, decided not to return to Norway to live with her relatives, but to remain in Wales since it had been her husband's wish to have their children educated in British schools.Dahl first attended The Cathedral School, Llandaff. At the age of eight, he and four of his friends were caned by the headmaster after putting a dead mouse in a jar of sweets at the local sweet shop, which was owned by a mean and loathsome old woman called Mrs. Pratchett (wife of blacksmith David Pratchett). This was known amongst the five boys as the Great Mouse Plot of 1923. This was Roald's own idea.Thereafter, he was sent to several boarding schools in England, including Saint Peter's in Weston-super-Mare. His parents had wanted Roald to be educated at a British public school and at the time, due to a then regular boat link across the Bristol Channel, this proved to be the nearest. His time at Saint Peter's was an unpleasant experience for him. He was very homesick and wrote to his mother almost every day, but never revealed to her his unhappiness, being under the pressure of school censorship. when she died did he find out that she had saved every single one of his letters, in small bundles held together with green tape. He later attended Repton School in Derbyshire, where, according to his novel Boy, a friend named Michael was viciously caned by Geoffrey Fisher, the man who later became the Arcishop of Canterbury. This caused Dahl to have doubts about religion and even about .Dahl was very tall, reaching 6'6 (1.98m) in adult life,[1] and he was good at sports, being made captain of the school Fives and Squash team, and also playing for the football team. This helped his popularity. He developed an interest in photography. During his years there, Cadbury, a chocolate company, would occasionally send boxes of new chocolates to the school to be tested by the pupils. Dahl himself apparently used to dream of inventing a new chocolate bar that would win the praise of Mr. Cadbury himself, and this proved the inspiration for him to write his third book for children, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory.Throughout his childhood and adolescent years, Dahl spent his summer holidays in his parents' native Norway, mostly enjoying the fjords. His childhood is the subject of his autobiographical work, Boy: Tales of Childhood.After finishing his schooling, he spent three weeks hiking through Newfoundland with a group called the Public Schools' Exploring Society (now known as BSES Expeditions). In 1934, he joined the Shell Petroleum Company.Following two years of training in the UK, he was transferred to Dar-es-Salaam, Tanganyika (now Tanzania). Along with the two other Shell employees in the entire territory, he lived in luxury in the Shell House outside Dar-es-Salaam, with a cook and personal servants. While out on assignments supplying oil to customers across Tanganyika, he encountered black mambas (a type of snake), and lions, amongst other wildlife.[edit] World War IIThis article needs additional citations for verification.Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2008)Dahl describes in the autobiographical Going Solo how, in August 1939, as World War II impended, plans were made to round up the hundreds of Germans in Dar-es-Salaam. Dahl was made an officer in the King's African Rifles, commanding a platoon of askaris, indigenous troops serving in the colonial army.In November 1939, Dahl joined the Royal Air Force. After a 600-mile (970 km) car journey from Dar-es-Salaam to Nairobi, he was accepted for flight training with 20 other men, 17 of whom would later die in air combat. With seven hours and 40 minutes experience in a De Havilland Tiger Moth, he flew solo; Dahl enjoyed watching the wildlife of Kenya during his flights. He continued on to advanced flying training in Iraq, at RAF Habbaniya, 50 miles (80 km) west of Baghdad. Following six months training on Hawker Harts, Dahl was made a Officer.He was assigned to No. 80 Squadron RAF, flying obsolete Gloster Gladiators, the last biplane fighter plane used by the RAF. Dahl was surprised to find that he would not receive any specialised training in aerial combat, or in regard to flying Gladiators. On 19 September 1940, Dahl was ordered to fly his Gladiator from Abu Sueir in Egypt, on to Amiriya to refuel, and again to Fouka in Libya for a second refuelling. From there he would fly to 80 Squadron's forward airstrip 30 miles (48 km) south of Mersa Matruh. On the final leg, he could not find the airstrip and, running low on fuel and with night approaching, he was forced to attempt a landing in the desert. Unfortunately, the undercarriage hit a boulder and the plane crashed, fracturing his skull, smashing his nose in, and blinding him. He managed to drag himself away from the blazing wreckage and passed out. Later, he wrote about the crash for his first published work (see below).Dahl was rescued and taken to a first-aid post in Mersa Matruh, where he regained consciousness, but not his sight, and was then taken by train to the Royal Navy hospital in Alexandria. There he fell in and out of love with a nurse, Mary Welland. Dahl had fallen in love with her voice while he was blind, but once he regained his sight, he decided that he no longer loved her. An RAF inquiry into the crash revealed that the location he had been told to fly to was completely wrong, and he had mistakenly been sent instead to the no man's land between the Allied and Italian forces.In February 1941, Dahl was discharged and passed fully for flying duties. By this time, 80 Squadron had been transferred to the Battle of Greece Greek campaign and based at Eleusina, near Athens. The squadron was now equipped with Hawker s. Dahl flew a replacement across the Mediterranean Sea in April 1941, after seven hours flying s. By this stage in the Greek campaign, the RAF had 18 combat planes in Greece: 14 Hurricanes and four Bristol Blenheim light bombers. Dahl saw his first aerial combat on 15 April 1941, while flying alone over the city of Chalcis. He attacked six Junkers Ju-88s that were bombing ships and shot one down. On 16 April in another air battle, he shot down another Ju-88.On 20 April 1941 Dahl took part in the Battle of Athens, alongside the highest-scoring British Commonwealth ace of World War II, Pat Pattle and Dahl's friend David Coke. Of twelve Hurricanes involved, five were shot down and four of their s killed, including Pattle. Greek observers on the ground counted twenty-two German aircraft downed, but none of the s knew who they shot down due to the carnage of the aerial engagement. Roald Dahl described it as an endless blur of enemy fighters whizzing towards me from every side. The wing returned back to Elevsis. Later on in the day, the aerodrome was ground-strafed by Bf 109s, but miraculously, none of them hit any of the Hawker Hurricanes. The Hurricanes were then evacuated to a small, secret airfield near Megara, a small village on 21 April 1941, where the pilots hid. Approximately 50 miles (80 km) north half of the Luftwaffe were searching for the remaining Hurricanes. By approximately 6 or 7 A.M., about thirty Bf-109s and Stuka dive-bombers flew over the seven pilots who were hiding. The Stukas dived bombed a tanker in the Bay of Athens, and sank it. Dahl and his comrades were only 500 yards (460 m) away from the incident. Surprisingly, none of the bombers nor the fighters were able to spot the Hurricanes parked in the nearby field. Sometime in the afternoon, an Air Commodore arrived in a car to the airfield and asked if one of the seven could volunteer to fly and deliver a package to a man named Carter at Elevsis. Roald Dahl was the only one who volunteered to do it. The contents of the package were of vital importance, and Dahl was told that if he was shot down, or captured, he should burn the package immediately, so it would not fall into enemy hands, and once he had handed over the package, he was to fly to Argos, an airfield, with the rest of the seven pilots in the squadron.For the rest of April, the situation was horrible for the RAF in Greece. If the Luftwaffe destroyed the remaining seven planes, they would then have complete control of the skies in Greece. They intended to wipe them out. If the squadron were to be found, it would mean the worst. According to Dahl's report, at about 4:30 P.M. a Bf 110 swooped over the airfield at Argos, and found them. The pilots discussed that it would take the 110 roughly half an hour to return to base, and then another half hour for the whole enemy squadron to get ready for take-off, and then another half hour for them to reach Argos. They had roughly an hour and thirty minutes until they would be ground-strafed by enemy aircraft. However, instead of having the remaining seven pilots airborne and intercepting the 110s an hour ahead, the CO ordered them to escort ships evacuating their army in Greece at 6:00. The seven planes got up into the air, but the formation was quickly disorganized as the radios were not working. Dahl and Coke found themselves separated from the rest of the wing. They could not communicate with the rest of the wing, so they continued on flying, looking for the ships to escort. Eventually they ran out of fuel and returned back to Argos, where they found the entire airfield in smoke and flames, with tents flamed, ammunition destroyed, etc.; however there were few casualties. What happened was that while Roald Dahl and David Coke took off, three other aircraft in the wing somehow managed to get away. The sixth pilot who was taking off was ground-strafed by the enemy and killed. The seventh pilot managed to bail out. Everybody else in the camp was hiding in the slit trenches. Immediately after Dahl and Coke figured out what was going on, the squadron was sent to Crete. A month later they were evacuated to Egypt.As the Germans were pressing on Athens, Dahl was evacuated to Egypt. His squadron was reassembled in Haifa. From there, Dahl flew missions every day for a period of four weeks, downing a Vichy French Air Force Potez 63 on 8 June and another Ju-88 on 15 June, but he then began to get severe headaches that caused him to black out. He was invalided home to Britain; at this time his rank was Flight Lieutenant.Dahl began writing in 1942, after he was transferred to Washington, D.C. as Assistant Air Attaché. His first published work, in the 1 August 1942 issue of the Saturday Evening Post was Shot Down Over Libya, describing the crash of his Gloster Gladiator. C. S. Forester had asked Dahl to write down some RAF anecdotes so that he could shape them into a story. After Forester sat down to read what Dahl had given him, he decided to publish it exactly as it was. The original title of the article was A Piece of Cake — the title was changed to sound more dramatic, despite the fact that the he was not shot down.During the war, Forester worked for the British Information Service and was writing propaganda for the Allied cause, mainly for American consumption.[2] This work introduced Dahl to espionage and the activities of the Canadian spymaster William Stephenson, known by the codename Intrepid. During the war, Dahl supplied intelligence from Washington to Stephenson and his organization, which was known as British Security Coordination. Dahl was sent back to Britain, for supposed misconduct by British Embassy officials: I got booted out by the big boys, he said. Stephenson sent him back to Washington — with a promotion.[3] After the war Dahl wrote some of the history of the secret organization and he and Stephenson remained friends for decades after the war.[4]He ended the war as a Wing Commander. His record of five aerial victories, qualifying him as a flying ace, has been confirmed by post-war research and cross-referenced in Axis records, although it is most likely that he scored more than that during 20 April 1941 where 22 German aircraft were downed.[5][edit] Postwar life[edit] FamilyDahl married American actress (and future Oscar-winner) Patricia Neal on 2 July 1953 at Trinity Church in New York City. Their marriage lasted for 30 years and they had five children: Olivia (died of measles encephalitis, aged seven), Tessa, Theo, Ophelia, and Lucy. He dedicated The BFG to Olivia DahlWhen he was four months old, Theo Dahl was severely injured when his baby carriage was hit by a taxi in New York City. For a time, he suffered from hydrocephalus, and as a result, his father became involved in the development of what became known as the Wade-Dahl-Till (or WDT) valve, a device to alleviate the condition.[6]In 1965, Neal suffered three burst cerebral aneurysms while pregnant with their fifth child, Lucy. Dahl took control of her rehabilitation and she eventually relearned to talk and walk. They were divorced in 1983 following a very turbulent marriage, and he subsequently married Felicity (Liccy) d'Abreu Crosland (born 12 December 1938), who was 22 years his junior.Ophelia Dahl is director and co-founder (with doctor Paul Farmer) of Partners in Health, a non-profit organization dedicated to providing health care to some of the most impoverished communities in the world. Lucy Dahl is a screenwriter in Los Angeles. Tessa's daughter Sophie Dahl (who was the inspiration for Sophie, the main character in her grandfather's book The BFG) is a model and author who remembers Roald Dahl as a very difficult man – very strong, very dominant ... not unlike the father of the Mitford sisters sort of roaring round the house with these very loud opinions, banning certain types – foppish boys, you know – from coming round.[edit] Way OutIn 1961, Dahl hosted and wrote for a science fiction and horror television anthology series called Way Out, which preceded the similar but less dark and edgy Twilight Zone series on the CBS network Saturday nights for 14 episodes from March to July. Dahl's comedic monologues bookended the episodes, frequently explaining exactly how to murder one's spouse without getting caught. The show was the last dramatic network series filmed in New York City, and the entire series remains available for viewing at the Paley Center for Media in New York and Los Angeles.[edit] Anti-Semitic remarksIn the summer of 1983, he wrote a book review for the Literary Review of God Cried by Newsweek writer Tony Clifton, a picture book about the invasion of Lebanon by Israel. Dahl's review stated that the Israeli ordered-invasion of Lebanon in June 1982 was when we all started hating Israel, and that the book would make readers violently anti-Israeli. According to biographer Jeremy Treglown, Dahl had originally written when we all started hating Jews - but editor Gillian Greenwood of the Literary Review changed Dahl's terms from Jews and Jewish to Israel and Israeli.[7] On the basis of the published version, Dahl would claim, I am not anti-Semitic. I am anti-Israel.[7]He told a reporter in 1983 that: there’s a trait in the Jewish character that does provoke animosity . . . I mean there is always a reason why anti-anything crops up anywhere; even a stinker like Hitler didn’t just pick on them for no reason.[7][8] Nonetheless, according to Treglown, Dahl maintained friendships with a handful of individual Jews.[7]In later years, Dahl occasionally tried to bridge closer relations with the Jewish community. He included a sympathetic episode about German-Jewish refugees in his book Going Solo, and on another occasion he claimed that he was opposed to injustice, not Jews.[9] He maintained his strong political stance against Israel, and shortly before his death in 1990 he told the British newspaper The Independent, I'm certainly anti-Israeli and I've become anti-Semitic in as much as that you get a Jewish person in another country like England strongly supporting Zionism, and he added that Jews control the media.[10][edit] Death and legacyRoald Dahl died in November 1990 at the age of 74 of a rare blood disease, myelodysplastic anaemia (sometimes called pre-leukemia), at his home, Gipsy House in Great Missenden, Buckinghamshire, and was buried in the cemetery at the parish church of Saints Peter and Paul. According to his granddaughter, the family gave him a sort of Viking funeral. He was buried with his snooker cues, some very good burgundy, chocolates, HB pencils and a power saw. In his honour, the Roald Dahl Children's Gallery was opened at Buckinghamshire County Museum in nearby Aylesbury.In 2002, one of Cardiff's modern landmarks, the historic Oval Basin plaza, was re-christened Roald Dahl Plass. Plass means plaza in Norwegian, a nod to the acclaimed late writer's Norwegian roots. There have also been calls from the public for a permanent statue of him to be erected in the city.Dahl's charitable commitments in the fields of neurology, haematology and literacy have been continued by his widow since his death, through the Roald Dahl Foundation. In June 2005, the Roald Dahl Museum and Story Centre opened in Great Missenden to celebrate the work of Roald Dahl and advance his work in literacy.有狗狗搜第一第二项后面都是他的简介绍
多少字我倒是知道有12册，哪有问字数的
罗尔德·达尔（Roald Dahl，1916年9月13日—1990年11月23日），是挪威籍的英国杰出儿童文学作家、剧作家和短篇小说作家，作品流传于大人或小孩中，极为知名。
他比较著名的作品有：查理与巧克力工厂（Charlie and the Chocolate Factory）、詹姆斯与大仙桃（James and the Giant Peach）、玛蒂尔达（Matilda）、女巫（The Witches）、好心眼巨人（Good eye） 和独闯天下。
罗尔德达尔的获奖记录及作品如下：1954年，获埃德加·爱伦·.坡奖①（Edgar Allan Poe Award）和美国神奇作家奖(Mystery Writers of America award)1959年，第二次获埃德加·爱伦·.坡奖和美国神奇作家奖1972年，《查理和巧克力工厂》获新英格兰儿童图书馆圆桌会议奖1973年，《查理和巧克力工厂》获萨里学校年度书籍奖②（Surrey School Award）1975年，《查理和大玻璃升降机》获萨里学校年度书籍奖（Surrey School Award）1978年，《查理和大玻璃升降机》获夏威夷内内奖（Nene award）③，《世界冠军丹尼》获萨里学校年度书籍奖（Surrey School Award）1979年，《世界冠军丹尼》获加利福尼亚青少年读者奖章1980年，第三次获得美国神奇作家奖1982年，《好心眼儿巨人》（The BFG）获英国儿童图书奖④(Federation of Children's Book Groups Award )，《詹姆斯和大仙桃》获马萨诸塞儿童图书奖（The Massachusetts Children's Book Award）1983年，《女巫》获纽约杰出图书奖、英国儿童图书奖、惠特布莱德童书奖⑤（白面包奖，Whitbread Award）以及世界幻想文学大会终生成就奖1984年，《好心眼儿巨人》（The BFG）获得德国青少年文学奖⑥（Deutsche Jugendliteraturpreis）1985年，《长颈鹿、佩里和我》（The Giraffe and the Pelly and Me）获科特·马希拉奖⑦（Kurt Maschler award ），《好小子——童年故事》获波士顿世界图书非小说类文学奖1986年，《女巫》获西澳大利亚奖，《好心眼儿巨人》（The BFG）获世界图书挪威语版和德国语版青少年奖1988年，《玛蒂尔达》获英国儿童图书奖1990年，《小乌龟是怎样变大的》获斯马尔蒂斯儿童读物奖⑧(Smarties Book Prize)1997年，《好心眼儿巨人》（The BFG）收入“过去二十年最佳图书”的好书指南一列1998年，《玛蒂尔达》在英国BBC举办的“国家最受欢迎儿童图书”的书虫投票中获得提名2000年，《查理和巧克力工厂》获米奈涅姆儿童图书奖（Millennium Children's Book Award）和蓝彼得图书奖（Blue Peter Book Award）2000年，美国教育部主持在中小学学生与老师中进行的“孩子们最喜欢的100种书”的评选中，《好心眼儿巨人》、《查理和巧克力工厂》、《女巫》、《玛蒂尔达》、《詹姆斯和大仙桃》等5部作品入选，在入选数量上紧追美国本土的苏斯博士之后（苏斯博士有6种入选）。
上面就是罗尔德达尔的所有获奖记录了，还有一些相关的个人简介信息，他是一个伟大的人，获得的奖项也很多荣誉很高，让我们大家为他致敬
希望这个答案可以帮助到你，望采纳，谢谢啦
大人小孩都可以 小孩子看培养他们善良等等优秀的品格 大人看能从中发现不一样的东西 反映了人们的种种性格 他的书总是富有童趣 读完之后心情很好吧~
版权声明：此文自动收集于网络，若有来源错误或者侵犯您的合法权益，您可通过邮箱与我们取得联系，我们将及时进行处理。
本文地址：https://www.miekuo.com/juzi/haoju/21389.html
