Beijing Opera is the cream of the Chinese culture. As a traditional art form, its costumes and facial mask are more popular with people. Different styles of costumes are used to reflect the status of different characters. There are more decorations in the costumes of nobles,while those of the poor tend to be simple and less elemental. Facial masks can reflect qualities of different characters. Facial masks using different colors are important ways to portray a character. People can tell a hero from a villain by the colors of the masks. In general,white usually represents treachery, black represents righteousness, yellow represents bravery, blue and green represent rebellious fighters,while gold and silver represent divinity and Buddhism.
京剧(Beijing Opera)是中国的国粹。作为一门古老的艺术,京 剧的服装(costume)、脸谱(facial mask)更易被人喜爱。不同的服装 类型反映不同的人物身份特征。富贵者的服装缀满精美的刺绣;穷困 者的服装则简单朴素,少有装饰(elemental)。脸谱是京剧中塑造人物 形象的重要手段,它是用不同的颜色在脸上勾画出来的。脸谱的颜 色让人一看便知角色(portray)的`善恶。比如白色代表奸诈(treachery), 黑色代表正直不阿,黄色是骁勇,蓝、绿色多用于绿林好汉(rebellious fighters),金、银色多用于神佛(divinity and Buddhism)等。
Peking opera or Peking Opera (Simplified Chinese: Traditional Chinese: Pinyin: J ī ngjৃ) is a form of traditional Chinese drama. It combines music, vocal performance, pantomime, dance and acrobatics. It came into being at the end of the century and has been fully developed and recognized by the middle of the century.
This form was very popular in the court of Qing Dynasty and was regarded as a cultural treasure of China. The main performing troupes are located in Beijing and Tianjin, and the southern part is located in Shanghai. It is also very popular in Taiwan.
It is called National Opera (pinyin: Gu ó jৃ). It has also spread to other countries, such as the United States and Japan. There are four main forms of performance in Beijing opera, and there are usually several kinds of performing troupes.
In addition to a large number of second and third class performers, the performers become the only focus on the stage of Peking Opera with their exquisite and colorful costumes. They use language, songs, dance and fighting skills. These movements are symbolic and suggestive, rather than realistic.
The performers' skills are the root According to the beauty of the action. Performers also follow a variety of style conventions to help the audience grasp the plot of the work. The meaning level of every movement must be expressed in time with the music.
The music of Peking Opera can be divided into xipi and Erhuang styles. The melodies include aria, fixed melody and percussion mode. The repertoire of Peking Opera includes many works based on Chinese history, folklore and increasing contemporary life.
中文翻译:
京剧或京剧(简体中文:繁体中文:拼音:Jīngjù)是中国传统戏剧的一种形式,它结合了音乐、声乐表演、哑剧,舞蹈与杂技它产生于世纪末,到世纪中叶得到了充分的发展和认可。这种形式在清代宫廷中极为流行,并被视为中国的文化瑰宝。主要的表演剧团都设在北京和天津,南部设在上海在也很受欢迎,它被称为国剧(拼音:Guójù),它也传播到其他国家,如美国和日本。
京剧有四种主要的表演形式,表演的剧团通常每种都有好几种,除了众多的二三级表演者外,演员们以其精致多彩的服装成为京剧舞台上唯一的焦点,他们运用了语言、歌曲、舞蹈和格斗的技巧,这些动作具有象征性和暗示性,而不是现实主义,表演者的技巧是根据动作的美来评价的。表演者也遵循各种风格惯例,帮助观众把握作品的情节。每一个乐章的意义层次都必须随着音乐及时地表达出来。
京剧的音乐可以分为西皮和二黄风格旋律包括咏叹调、固定旋律和打击乐模式京剧的剧目包括以中国历史、民间传说和日益增多的当代生活为基础的多部作品。
京剧的由来 The History of Peking Opera
Peking Opera, China's _national essence_, national opera, has been 200 years old, enjoying high reputation both at home and abroad. It was form in Beijing. According to legend, in the region of Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, Qianlong was interested in local drama. In 1790, to celebrate his 80th birthday, Qianlong gathered together various local theaters performing for him, of which four troupes from Anhui province stayed in Beijing after the celebration. In 1828, a troupe of Hubei came to Beijing. Hereafter, these troupes often performed together, and the two groups gradually formed a new theatrical form, known as Peking Opera. It was popular in the 1930s and 1940s. Now it's the representative of the modern Chinese Han opera as well as a opera of world-class.
京剧,中国的“国粹”,国剧,至今已有200多年的历史,在国内外享有很高的声誉。它形成于北京。据传说,在清朝乾隆年间,乾隆对当地戏剧很感兴趣。1790年,为了庆祝他80岁生日,乾隆召集了各个当地剧院来给他表演,其中四个来自安徽的剧团庆典过后就留在了北京。1828年,一个湖北剧团来到北京。从这以后,这些剧团经常一起表演,后来两个剧团渐渐形成了一种新的戏剧形式,称作京剧。它在20世纪30年代到40年代很受欢迎。如今,它是当代中国汉剧和高级戏剧的代表。
Peking Opera, as the national opera of China, has a history of more than 200 years. Compared with other Chinese local operas, Peking Opera enjoys a higher reputation; but actually it absorbs many elements of other local operas. The facial makeups and costumes of the performers are usually very delicate;by contrast, the backdrops are quite plain. During the performance, the performers mainly utilize four skills: singing, speaking, acting and acrobatic fighting. In ancient times, Peking Opera was mostly performed in the open air, so the performers developed a piercing style of singing that could be heard by everyone.
京剧(Peking Opera)已有200多年的历史,是中国的国剧。与其他地方戏相比,京剧享有更高的声誉,但其实京剧融合了多种地方戏的元素。京剧演员的脸谱(facial makeup)和戏服都很精美,相形之下布景则显得十分简单。京剧表演者主要应用四种技能:唱、念、做、打。在古代,京剧大多是在户外演出的,因此演员们形成了一种极具穿透力的唱腔,以便每个人都能听到。
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